Canada s economic development historically depended on the export of large volumes of raw materials, especially fish, fur, grain, and timber. The fur trade was one of the earliest and most important industries in north america. Your goal will be to create and perform a dramatic presentation to share your perspective of the social and economic impact of the fur trade through. Some of the worksheets for this concept are teaching resource kit david thompson fur trade and, fur trade teacher guide, the fur trade contact and commerce between indians and, european exploration and colonization of america country, colonizing new france c, hbc and the fur trade, growth of new york during early. It allows students to see how our cultural identity and economic system were rooted in the fur trade. As small a change in style as an increase in brim diameter could send ripples through the whole fur trade. Fur trade timeline red lake regional heritage centre. Norman anick, the fur trade in eastern canada until 1870, parcs canada, manuscript report n o 207, vol. Minimum 5 years experience in fur design, pattern making, fur machine use and fur cutting is required. It was a business venture in canada as early as the 1600s, and businessmen in the fur industry learned fairly quickly that the more rare the fur, the more it was desired. Innis associate professor of political economy university of. Since the establishment of a world fur market in the early modern period, furs of boreal, polar and cold temperate mammalian animals have been the most valued. By the 1700s, fur had become big business in canada, luring europeans across the atlantic to set up permanent settlements.
This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Traders took advantage of many aboriginal peoples by getting them drunk before trading so they could get cheaper furs. Both furtrading companies are discussed, but there is a greater focus on the hudsons bay company. History of the furtrade in canada this text was written by harold a.
Click download or read online button to get fur trade canoe routes of canada book now. An introduction to canadian economic history the canada 150 collection. Jul 23, 20 the fur trade was a vast commercial enterprise across the wild, forested expanse of what is now canada. This timeline spans from our countrys earliest inhabitants to the present. Examine the fur trade in the northeast, the north, the.
In 1670 charles ii granted the hudsons bay company exclusive trading privileges in the territory called ruperts land, the area drained by rivers flowing into hudson bay. However, raw materials have declined as a percentage of canada s exports, while processed, fabricated, and manufactured goods have increased. Runner of the woods the term comes from the way some men in new france engaged in the fur trade by running into the forest to seek and trade with the first nations. This 40 page canadian fur trade unit bundle provides students with everything they need to complete a comprehensive common core aligned inquiry unit on the fur trade. This article is a plainlanguage summary of the fur trade. History of the fur trade montana trappers association. The fur trade is a worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal fur. For information about assessing rights, see the rights and restrictions information page. List of hudsons bay company trading posts wikipedia. The fur trade through the eyes of first nations woman, metis woman, and a first nations child. The canadian fur trade in the industrial age on jstor. Teach about animals commonly hunted in the canadian fur trade with this collaborative lesson. Five companies that dominated the canadian fur trade. Hudsons bay company was formed on may 6, 1670, making it the oldest corporation in the world.
Fur trapping continues as a cash crop in frontier areas, but as a way of life it is confined to a few northern areas. We did this screencast for our social studies curriculm class at the university of alberta. With this development, british traders from canada and even a few american colonials entered the great lakes fur trade, although french canadians continued to. The fur trade set the tone for european exploration of north america and established the very foundation of canada. The economic revolution affected all areas of the country, and in the north the fur trade remained in flux. The canadian atlas online fur trade historical atlas of. The hbc was granted exclusive trading rights to the area known as rupertsland modern day western canada by the british crown. Although the government would eventually make independent trading illegal, this did not stop them. Certainly, apart from singleship actions and privateering, the war was fought for the conquest of canada and elimination of the british as an ally of the indians.
Jun 29, 2017 canadas fur trade history reflects the countrys cultural mosaic at its best. Assimilation a process by which culture or individual is absorbed into a more dominant culture because of its overwhelming influence 2. The library of congress generally does not own rights to material in its collections and, therefore, cannot grant or deny permission to publish or otherwise distribute the material. With the founding of the hudsons bay and northwest company during the1670s, the fur trade managed growth and development all the way into western canada until 1870. Fur trade essayswhen the europeans came to america, there were fur bearings animals everywhere. The fur trade brought them useful tools as well as hard times. A commercial fur trade in north america grew out of the early contact between indians and european fisherman who were netting cod on the grand banks off newfoundland and on the bay of gaspe near quebec. Posts of the canadian fur trade open government portal. The fur trade was unique, for it was the only industry that was based on an exchange of. However, at the height of fur trading, the natives hunted for individual profits, causing them to think of the concept of territorial ownership and division of hunting grounds. Historically the trade stimulated the exploration and colonization of siberia, northern north america, and the south shetland and south sandwich islands.
They were very excited about the fur trade in canada and decided to go to england. Fur farms, where animals could be raised in captivity became wildly popular and were viewed as a sure way to make money. Even so, liquor became an important trade item of the fur trade. At times, people tried to control the use of liquor as a trade item. Quality beaver pelts set the value of what things were worth and it seems that most trades were based on this value. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. Grand portage as a trading post national park service.
Essay on the negative effects of the fur trade 1108 words. List of books and articles about fur trade and trappers. The architecture of the western canadian fur trade. Canada is a confederation of many nations and cultures, each with their own identity. Forthistobe done adequately therearetwoprerequisites.
They were very excited about the fur trade in canada and decided to go to england to convince other people. Beginning with the founding of the hudsons bay company in 1670, the fur trade dominated the development of the canadian west. The first known owner of the post france, england, canadian independent, xy company, north west company or hudsons bay company and the known length of operation are. Students will become an expert on one animal type and teach it to classmates in a jigsaw style activity. Throughout this timeline you will find bolded text. The fur trade has played a large role in many of those nations. The hudsons bay company hbc was a british mercantile company established in 1670.
However, the metis, who are sometimes considered children of the fur trade, became skilled hunters and trappers as well. Now, almost seventy years later, harold inniss fundamental reinterpretation of canadian history continues to exert a magnetic influence. First nations and the fur trade in western canada first nations and the fur trade in western canada the fur trade first nations have been trading in north america since time immemorial. Two canadian fur companies controlled the fur trade in canada and parts of the united states fur trade until the boundary was set at the 49th parallel in 1846. The following timeline gives an overview of the history of the fur trade in canada. If you are interested in reading about this topic in more depth, please see our fulllength entry, fur trade in canada. Though many of the characters are fictionalized, the show is an unflinching and accurate look at a brutal time in early canadian history, when wealth and power. The fur trade was the original basis for the growth, foundation, and success of canadas beginning. For some groups of related posts see fortrupert for james bay.
However, due to the fur trade, conservation diminished and surpluses of furs were present. The fur trade in canada red lake regional heritage centre. Historically, the fur trade played a singular role in the development of canada. Fur trade canoe routes of canada download ebook pdf. When europeans arrived in the new world fur trade became a large part of european and indigenous interactions. Search for library items search for lists search for contacts search for a library. The history of the fur trade in america in the 19th century. The fur trade and western canadian society, 16701870. In the 1600s europeans formed powerful companies that would dominate the fur trade and create alliances with first nations group for over two centuries. The beginnings of the fur trade first peoples of canada. Fur trade changing times in the nwt grade four social studies 2 ft1 the hudsons bay company fill in these blanks using the words in the box. On the origin and progress of the northwest company of canada with a history of the fur trade, as connected with that concern, and observations on the political importance of the companys intercourse with, and influence over the indians or 1811 by nathaniel atcheson and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at. Your goal will be to create and perform a dramatic presentation to share your perspective of the social and economic impact of the fur trade through the eyes of your assigned roleplaying characters.
The northwest company nwc the northwest company nwc was a fur trade company based in montreal. Grade 7 social studies final exam study guide canada before and after confederation vocabulary and terms. Although detailed accounts of the fur trade era have appeared, until recently the rich social history has been ignored. Cluster 1 the first peoples and nouvellefrance to 1763 mhr. The fur trade in canada in search of pelts for europes elite, thousands flocked to canada to participate in the fur trade. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading the fur trade in canada. But that doesnt mean it has been an unchanging, uniform commercial relationship. The best quality of furs came from the north, the reason why, is because in the north the animals needed a thicker coat to protect themselves from the harsher winter. Students complete a unit of lessons to learn how products reach the market and study the history of the fur trade. How did the fur trade shape the canadian identity answers. It was given all the land whose rivers drained into hudson bay.
Bond, the hudsons bay in the ottawa valley, in the beaver, spring 1966, p. Dec 18, 2015 the fur trade was a major commercial enterprise in canada for nearly 300 years. History of the fur trade in canada by prezi user on prezi. This is a list of hudsons bay company trading posts for the fur trade in general see north american fur trade and canadian canoe routes early. At the time of its publication in 1930, the fur trade in canada challenged and inspired scholars, historians, and economists. In some places, alcohol was the only item offered for trade. Both fur trading companies are discussed, but there is a greater focus on the hudsons bay company. Related to the history of the canadian fur trade, this lesson identifies the furbearing animals commonly hunted and trapped throughout canadian history. It would be a shame if that were to happen with respect to the fur trade.
It provided the motive for the exploration of much of the country. Your group has been transported back though time to the period of the fur trade in canada prior to confederation. Information for this study was collected from documentary records and archaeological remains of fur trade posts in the interior of western canada, primarily alberta. It built relationships between europeans and indigenous peoples. Papers on the north american fur trade on november 1, 1965, the minnesota historical society in cooperation with the hudsons bay company, the james ford bell foundation, albrecht furs, and the st. In this book, extensively illustrated with visuals from some of canada s most prominent museums and archives, historian michael payne explores the personalities and events that shaped this powerful business. The fur trading industry played a major role in the development of the united states and canada for more than 300 years. An introduction to canadian economic history by innis h a and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at. Students will explore how the fur trade led to the development of the west. Fur trade canada canadian animals of the fur trade tpt. Hbc expanded its fur trade to the west coast and into the canadian arctic. An analysis of the fur trade in canada as one of the oldest businesses.
The fur trade began in the 1500s as an exchange between indians and europeans. Canada would be a very different place without the fur trade, but the lives of indigenous people would also be completely different. If the fur from the animals was imported into canada, the reexport application form should be. The fur trade cafe historica canada education portal. Canada and the fur trade history of the canadian fur trade. Displaying top 8 worksheets found for colonial fur trade. Wealthy europeans were eager to buy hats made of beaver fur and the supply here was plentiful. First nations, french, english, scots, jews, greeks and many others have worked together for hundreds of years to build this remarkable industry a dynamic tradition of competition and cooperation that is well worth remembering as we celebrate these important.
An engaging new look at this compelling era in canadian history. The british claimed canada and the midwest from the french between 1759 and 1763 in the french and indian war. French settled along the east coast of canada, the british settled in massachusetts and virginia, the dutch settled in new york and the spanish settled in. Canada was built on the fur trade, which supplied european demand for pelts from animals such as the beaver castor canadensis to make hats. This application form is to be used only when exporting fur garments or fur products, made of animals of canadian origin. Canada s fur trade history reflects the countrys cultural mosaic at its best. Nov 14, 2016 in discovery canada s new scripted television drama frontier, allan hawco, jason momoa and alun armstrong play agents of rival companies battling for domination of the 1700s fur trade.
This lesson plan investigates the impact of the fur trade on canadas development as a nation. In this book, the fur trade is examined not simply as an economic activity but as a social and cultural complex that was to survive for nearly two. A bachelor degree in either arts or business administration majoring in fur is required from a recognized university college. The war of 1812 the cause of the canadian fur trade and of the indians remained the same. This is a great integration with your science curriculum on adaptations or biodiversity as well. Prior to the fur trade, the native peoples would only take what they needed.
While other furs such as arctic fox, mink, muskrat and marten were traded, beaver pelts. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Beginning in the 17 th century, the fur trade lasted until the mid 19 th century. These posts were constructed in the saskat chewan and athabasca fur trade districts figure 1. The algonquianspeaking people became allies of the french, the. Posts of the canadian fur trade contained within the 4th edition 1974 of the atlas of canada is a map that shows locations of fur trading posts for the period 1600 to 1870. Trade in animal skins and pelts had gone on since antiquity, but reached its height in the wilderness of north america from the 17th to the early 19th cent. The evolution of the fur trade and the lewis and clark expedition. At the start of the fur trade, the first nations did most of the trapping. The fur trade in canada the following timeline gives an overview of the history of the fur trade in canada. As a result, when europeans arrived in north america in the late 15th century, these existing trade networks made it easier for europeans to access. The fur trade is, for good reason, symbolic of the history of canada since the 160os. An illustrated history lorimer illustrated history michael payne on. It is a seminal part of who we are as a nation, and how we came to be.
The fur trade was a significant part of canadian history. An introduction to canadian economic history the canada 150 collection kindle edition by innis, harold, ray, arthur. The fur trade was one of the main reasons that europeans explored and colonized canada. Fur trade changing times in the nwt student activity book. It was at its peak for nearly 250 years, from the early 17th to the mid19th centuries. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Canada was transformed from a predominantly agricultural and rural nation to an urban industrial one during the seventyfive years between confederation and the end of the second world war. In this history and trade lesson, students first learn about the technology that allowed products to reach. Fur trade in canada bundle design a hudsons bay company fort, close reading, and more. With the establishment of the french on the st lawrence and the english on hudson bay, two trading systems competed for the furs of ruperts land. This complexity proceeded from the economics of the trade itself and the problem of provisioning the trading post. The french fur trade lesson plan introduction this lesson helps third grade students understand.
The authorities in new france, engrossedin a lifeand death strugglewith the english, paid no needto the posts of the western sea, so that in their voluminouscorrespondence during the sevenyears war there is scarcelya referenceto them. Its historical and economic impact lesson overview. Oct 17, 20 for more information and resources, visit the hbc history foundation learning centre at. An introduction to canadian economic history innis, harold, ray, arthur on. The fur trade was the original basis for the growth, foundation, and success of canada s beginning.
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